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Abstract:

The research paper associated with this dataset experimentally demonstrates the time-resolved operation of a turbulent laser-plasma dynamo (https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2015729118). The dataset contains the data reported in the paper’s figures, obtained during experiments at the Omega Laser Facility (Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York, USA) in May 2017. It comprises three types of data: X-ray self-emission imaging data to characterise the plasma turbulence; Thomson-scattering data to diagnose temperatures, densities, and velocities; and proton-imaging data to diagnose magnetic fields. All files are stored as MATLAB figures. Further details of the data and analysis methods can be found in the original publication.

Abstract:

We present a method to determine the bulk temperature of a single crystal diamond sample at an X-Ray free electron laser using inelastic X-ray scattering. The experiment was performed at the high energy density instrument at the European XFEL GmbH, Germany. The technique, based on inelastic X-ray scattering and the principle of detailed balance, was demonstrated to give accurate temperature measurements, within 8% for both room temperature diamond and heated diamond to 500 K. Here, the temperature was increased in a controlled way using a resistive heater to test theoretical predictions of the scaling of the signal with temperature. The method was tested by validating the energy of the phonon modes with previous measurements made at room temperature using inelastic X-ray scattering and neutron scattering techniques. This technique could be used to determine the bulk temperature in transient systems with a temporal resolution of 50 fs and for which accurate measurements of thermodynamic properties are vital to build accurate equation of state and transport models.