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Abstract:

The first observation of the Ξb0 → J/ψΞ− π+ decay and the most precise measurement of the branching fraction of the Λb0 → J/ψΞ− K+ decay are reported, using proton-proton collision data from the LHCb experiment collected in 2016–2018 at a centre of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb−1. Using the Λb0 → J/ψΛ and Ξb0 → J/ψΞ− decays as normalisation channels, the ratios of branching fractions are measured to be B(Λb0 → J/ψΞ− K+)/B(Λb0 → J/ψΛ) = (1.17 ± 0.14 ± 0.08) × 10−2, B(Ξb0 → J/ψΞ− π+)/B(Ξb0 → J/ψΞ−) = (11.9 ± 1.4 ± 0.6) × 10−2, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic

Abstract:

The Standard Model of particle physics—the theory of particles and interactions at the smallest scale—predicts that matter and antimatter interact differently due to violation of the combined symmetry of charge conjugation (C) and parity (P). Charge conjugation transforms particles into their antimatter particles, whereas the parity transformation inverts spatial coordinates. This prediction applies to both mesons, which consist of a quark and an antiquark, and baryons, which are composed of three quarks. However, despite having been discovered in various meson decays, CP violation has yet to be observed in baryons, the type of matter that makes up the observable Universe. Here we report a study of the decay of the beauty baryon Λ0b$${\varLambda }_{0}^{b}$$ to the pK−π+π− final state, which proceeds through b → u or b → s quark-level transitions, and its CP-conjugated process, using data collected by the Large Hadron Collider beauty experiment1 at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). The results reveal significant asymmetries between the decay rates of the Λ0b$${\varLambda }_{0}^{b}$$ baryon and its CP-conjugated antibaryon, providing, to our knowledge, the first observation of CP violation in baryon decays and demonstrating the different behaviours of baryons and antibaryons. In the Standard Model, CP violation arises from the Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa mechanism2, and new forces or particles beyond the Standard Model could provide further contributions. This discovery opens a new path in the search for physics beyond the Standard Model.

Abstract:

This paper presents the first measurement of ψ(2S) and χc1(3872) meson production within fully reconstructed jets. Each quarkonium state (tag) is reconstructed via its decay to the J/ψ(→μ+μ−)π+π− final state in the forward region using proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at the center-of-mass-energy of 13TeV in 2016, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb−1. The fragmentation function, presented as the ratio of the quarkonium-tag transverse momentum to the full jet transverse momentum (pT(tag)/pT(jet)), is measured differentially in pT(jet) and pT(tag) bins. The distributions are separated into promptly produced quarkonia from protonproton collisions and quarkonia produced from displaced b-hadron decays. While the displaced quarkonia fragmentation functions are in general well described by parton-shower predictions, the prompt quarkonium distributions differ significantly from fixed-order non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD) predictions followed by a QCD parton showe

Abstract:

We explore the prospects of measurements of spectral moments of inclusive charm decays with BESIII. The rich and uniquely clean data set of charm mesons and baryons at BESIII offers a unique laboratory to study the evolution of Heavy Quark Expansion (HQE) parameters across different charm hadron species and to shed light on the interplay between heavy quark dynamics and light quark effects. The HQE in terms of inverse powers of the heavy meson mass is well-established in beauty decays, however due to the lighter charm mass its applicability to charm remains an open question. To date no determination of the HQE parameters, the kinetic energy, chromomagnetic moment and Darwin terms, has been attempted. A particularly important role here is given to the Darwin and weak annihilation operators, whose values are important to predict lifetimes of heavy hadrons. Using a fast simulation for the BESIII detector response and predictions for spectral moments, we investigate the sensitivity to HQE parameters with today’s and possible future data sets. In addition, we discuss the theory challenges for the HQE in charm and the experimental limitations. We further investigate the sensitivity of determining the CKM matrix element |Vcs| with inclusive semileptonic charm decays.